Gastroenterol Res

Gastroenterology Research, ISSN 1918-2805 print, 1918-2813 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Gastroenterol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.gastrores.org

Original Article

Volume 3, Number 3, June 2010, pages 112-119

Thrombophilic Risk Factors in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

**Table 1.** Baseline Clinica and Demographical Characteristics of Patients Included in the Study
	Crohn’s Disease	Ulcerative Colitis	Control
Number	24	24	40
Mean Age, years	38.08 ± 12.30	41.08 ± 11.24	41.52 ± 9.23
Sex (F/M)	16/8	13/11	24/16
Duration of illness (year)	3.83 ± 2.14	5.00 ± 2.02	-
Disease Activity
Active	11	8	-
Remission	13	16	-

Table 1. Baseline Clinica and Demographical Characteristics of Patients Included in the Study

Crohn’s Disease

Ulcerative Colitis

Control

Number

Mean Age, years

38.08 ± 12.30

41.08 ± 11.24

41.52 ± 9.23

Sex (F/M)

16/8

13/11

24/16

Duration of illness (year)

3.83 ± 2.14

5.00 ± 2.02

Disease Activity

Active

Remission

**Table 2.** Ongoing Treatment Modalities of IBD Patients Included in the Study
	Crohn’s Disease n (%)	Ulcerative Colitis n (%)
5-ASA	User	19 (79.2%)	22 (91.7%)
	Non-user	5 (20.8%)	2 (8.3%)
Prednisolone	User	1 (4.2%)	5 (20.8%)
	Non-user	23 (95.8%)	19 (79.2%)
Azothiopurine	User	5 (20.8%)	3 (12.5%)
	Non-user	19 (79.2%)	21 (87.5%)
Surgery	Minor surgery (without ileocecal resection)	6 (25%)	2 (8.3%)
	No surgery	18 (75.0%)	22 (91.7%)

Table 2. Ongoing Treatment Modalities of IBD Patients Included in the Study

Crohn’s Disease n (%)

Ulcerative Colitis n (%)

5-ASA

User

19 (79.2%)

22 (91.7%)

Non-user

5 (20.8%)

2 (8.3%)

Prednisolone

User

1 (4.2%)

5 (20.8%)

Non-user

23 (95.8%)

19 (79.2%)

Azothiopurine

User

5 (20.8%)

3 (12.5%)

Non-user

19 (79.2%)

21 (87.5%)

Surgery

Minor surgery (without ileocecal resection)

6 (25%)

2 (8.3%)

No surgery

18 (75.0%)

22 (91.7%)

**Table 3.** Plasma and Serum Thrombophilic Parameters of IBD Patients and Control Group
	Crohn’s Disease (n = 24)	Ulcerative Colitis(n = 24)	Control (n = 40)
p < 0.05; p < 0.01; * p < 0.001, when compared to the control group
CRP (mg/dl)	0.83 ± 1.40**	0.49 ± 0.73*	0.14 ± 0.16
Platelets (x100) (K/uL)	300 ± 113**	292 ± 126 *	228 ± 57
ESR (mm/h)	25.08 ± 24.5***	17.42 ± 18.98*	8.10 ± 5.43
APTT (sn)	29.60 ± 1.83	29.62 ± 3.61	29.76 ± 2.17
PT (sn)	12.45 ± 0.64	12.85 ± 0.74	12.74 ± 1.00
INR	1.02 ± 0.40	1.03 ± 0.60	1.03 ± 0.80
Fibrinogen (g/L)	4.48 ± 1.45***	3.74 ± 0.75	3.25 ± 0.71
Homocystein (mmol/L)	11.10 ± 3.11*	10.31 ± 2.58	9.35 ± 2.92
Folic Acid (ng/ml)	7.51 ± 2.92^*	7.91 ± 3.61	9.15 ± 4.26
Vitamin B₁₂ (pg/ml)	347.46 ± 197.15**	315.58 ± 99.77	256.79 ± 83.64
D-Dimer (µg/ml)	0.52 ± 0.47**	0.43 ± 0.38	0.28 ± 0.90
Antithrombin III (%)	113.58 ± 11.53	115.83 ± 7.30	116.88 ± 11.61
Factor VII (%)	113.67 ± 23.87	105.38 ± 25.14	117.48 ± 35.03
Factor VIII (%)	138.08 ± 44.57	143.38 ± 33.12	127.40 ± 45.13
Protein S (%)	110.08 ± 24.77	101.00 ± 23.17	106.88 ± 20.45
Protein C (%)	109.96 ± 27.98	106.46 ± 20.01	112.03 ± 24.67

Table 3. Plasma and Serum Thrombophilic Parameters of IBD Patients and Control Group

Crohn’s Disease (n = 24)

Ulcerative Colitis(n = 24)

Control (n = 40)

p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001, when compared to the control group

CRP (mg/dl)

0.83 ± 1.40**

0.49 ± 0.73*

0.14 ± 0.16

Platelets (x100) (K/uL)

300 ± 113**

292 ± 126 *

228 ± 57

ESR (mm/h)

25.08 ± 24.5***

17.42 ± 18.98*

8.10 ± 5.43

APTT (sn)

29.60 ± 1.83

29.62 ± 3.61

29.76 ± 2.17

PT (sn)

12.45 ± 0.64

12.85 ± 0.74

12.74 ± 1.00

INR

1.02 ± 0.40

1.03 ± 0.60

1.03 ± 0.80

Fibrinogen (g/L)

4.48 ± 1.45***

3.74 ± 0.75

3.25 ± 0.71

Homocystein (mmol/L)

11.10 ± 3.11*

10.31 ± 2.58

9.35 ± 2.92

Folic Acid (ng/ml)

7.51 ± 2.92^*

7.91 ± 3.61

9.15 ± 4.26

Vitamin B₁₂ (pg/ml)

347.46 ± 197.15**

315.58 ± 99.77

256.79 ± 83.64

D-Dimer (µg/ml)

0.52 ± 0.47**

0.43 ± 0.38

0.28 ± 0.90

Antithrombin III (%)

113.58 ± 11.53

115.83 ± 7.30

116.88 ± 11.61

Factor VII (%)

113.67 ± 23.87

105.38 ± 25.14

117.48 ± 35.03

Factor VIII (%)

138.08 ± 44.57

143.38 ± 33.12

127.40 ± 45.13

Protein S (%)

110.08 ± 24.77

101.00 ± 23.17

106.88 ± 20.45

Protein C (%)

109.96 ± 27.98

106.46 ± 20.01

112.03 ± 24.67

**Table 4.** Comparison of Thrombophilic Parameters Between CD Patients With Active Disease
Clinical Activity	Remission (n = 13)	Active Disease (n = 11)	P
p < 0.05; *p < 0.01
Age (year)	39.63 ± 12.53	35.00 ± 12.04	0.397
Disease duration (year)	3.25 ± 1.84	5.00 ± 3.78	0.205
CRP (mg/dl)	0.46 ± 0.64	1.57 ± 2.14	0.067
Platelets (x1000) (K/uL)	273 ± 90	355 ± 139	0.033^*
ESR (mm/h)	22.19 ± 19.60	26.88 ± 33.78	0.762
APTT (s)	30.10 ± 1.61	28.60 ± 1.96	0.058
PT (s)	12.53 ± 0.62	12.29 ± 0.71	0.407
INR	1.02 ± 0.05	1.01 ± 0.02	0.865
Fibrinojen (g/L)	4.13 ± 0.91	5.22 ± 2.07	0.043^*
Homocystein (mmol/L)	9.56 ± 2.44	12.39 ± 2.67	0.028^*
Folic Acid (ng/ml)	8.01 ± 3.61	7.81 ± 2.92	0.845
Vitamin B₁₂ (pg/ml)	347.46 ± 197.15	345.32 ± 180	0.624
D-Dimer (µg/ml)	0.46 ± 0.42	0.74 ± 0.57	0.041^*
Antithrombin III (%)	112.69 ± 12.04	115.38 ± 10.97	0.601
Factor VII (%)	113.75 ± 26.52	113.50 ± 19.12	0.981
Factor VIII (%)	122.06 ± 41.40	162.13 ± 43.17	0.0091^**
Protein S (%)	111.88 ± 25.96	106.50 ± 23.46	0.627
Protein C (%)	106.25 ± 24.80	123.38 ± 34.06	0.037^*

Table 4. Comparison of Thrombophilic Parameters Between CD Patients With Active Disease

Clinical Activity

Remission (n = 13)

Active Disease (n = 11)

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01

Age (year)

39.63 ± 12.53

35.00 ± 12.04

0.397

Disease duration (year)

3.25 ± 1.84

5.00 ± 3.78

0.205

CRP (mg/dl)

0.46 ± 0.64

1.57 ± 2.14

0.067

Platelets (x1000) (K/uL)

273 ± 90

355 ± 139

0.033^*

ESR (mm/h)

22.19 ± 19.60

26.88 ± 33.78

0.762

APTT (s)

30.10 ± 1.61

28.60 ± 1.96

0.058

PT (s)

12.53 ± 0.62

12.29 ± 0.71

0.407

INR

1.02 ± 0.05

1.01 ± 0.02

0.865

Fibrinojen (g/L)

4.13 ± 0.91

5.22 ± 2.07

0.043^*

Homocystein (mmol/L)

9.56 ± 2.44

12.39 ± 2.67

0.028^*

Folic Acid (ng/ml)

8.01 ± 3.61

7.81 ± 2.92

0.845

Vitamin B₁₂ (pg/ml)

347.46 ± 197.15

345.32 ± 180

0.624

D-Dimer (µg/ml)

0.46 ± 0.42

0.74 ± 0.57

0.041^*

Antithrombin III (%)

112.69 ± 12.04

115.38 ± 10.97

0.601

Factor VII (%)

113.75 ± 26.52

113.50 ± 19.12

0.981

Factor VIII (%)

122.06 ± 41.40

162.13 ± 43.17

0.0091^**

Protein S (%)

111.88 ± 25.96

106.50 ± 23.46

0.627

Protein C (%)

106.25 ± 24.80

123.38 ± 34.06

0.037^*