| Gastroenterology Research, ISSN 1918-2805 print, 1918-2813 online, Open Access |
| Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Gastroenterol Res and Elmer Press Inc |
| Journal website https://www.gastrores.org |
Original Article
Volume 15, Number 4, August 2022, pages 180-187
Proton Pump Inhibitors Use and Increased Risk of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Cirrhotic Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Tables
| Use of PPI (n = 40,670) | No use of PPI (n = 67,080) | |
|---|---|---|
| PPI: proton pump inhibitor; SBP: spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. | ||
| SBP | 1,350 (3.3%) | 510 (0.76%) |
| Age group in years | ||
| 30 - 64 | 23,130 (57%) | 38,630 (58%) |
| 65 - 79 | 17,540 (43%) | 28,450 (42%) |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 21,780 (53%) | 36,040 (53%) |
| Female | 18,890 (47%) | 31,040 (47%) |
| Race | ||
| Caucasians | 35,680 (88%) | 56,020 (84%) |
| African Americans | 4,650 (11%) | 10,710 (15.5%) |
| Others | 340 (1%) | 350 (0.5%) |
| History of variceal bleeding | 3,650 (9%) | 760 (1%) |
| OR | 95% CI | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower | Upper | |||
| OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; PPI: proton pump inhibitor. | ||||
| Bleeding varices | 3.283 | 2.85 | 3.805 | 0.0001 |
| Non-Caucasians vs. Caucasians | 1.231 | 1.108 | 1.369 | 0.0001 |
| Male vs. female | 1.123 | 1.025 | 1.23 | 0.013 |
| Age < 65 vs. > 65 | 1.624 | 1.475 | 1.789 | 0.0001 |
| PPI use | 4.248 | 3.83 | 4.702 | 0.0001 |