Gastroenterol Res

Gastroenterology Research, ISSN 1918-2805 print, 1918-2813 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Gastroenterol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.gastrores.org

Original Article

Volume 12, Number 2, April 2019, pages 60-66

Temporary Gastric Stimulation in Patients With Gastroparesis Symptoms: Low-Resolution Mapping Multiple Versus Single Mucosal Lead Electrograms

Figure 1. Observed change in Mucosal Frequency and Amplitude for Proximal and Distal Leads, with details as noted in each panel.

**Table 1.** Single Lead Demographics
Age (years), mean ± SD	45 ± 15
Gender
Male	8 (19%)
Female	34 (81%)
African Americans	8 (19%)
Etiology of gastroparesis
Idiopathic	24 (57.1%)
Diabetes mellitus	18 (42.9%)
Post-Surgical	0 (0%)

Table 1. Single Lead Demographics

Age (years), mean ± SD

45 ± 15

Gender

Male

8 (19%)

Female

34 (81%)

African Americans

8 (19%)

Etiology of gastroparesis

Idiopathic

24 (57.1%)

Diabetes mellitus

18 (42.9%)

Post-Surgical

0 (0%)

**Table 2.** Double Leads Demographics
Age (years), mean ± SD	47 ± 14.9
Gender
Male	16 (23.2%)
Female	53 (76.8%)
African Americans	22 (31%)
Etiology of gastroparesis
Idiopathic	42 (60.8%)
Diabetes mellitus	26 (37.6%)
Post-surgical	1 (1.44%)

Table 2. Double Leads Demographics

Age (years), mean ± SD

47 ± 14.9

Gender

Male

16 (23.2%)

Female

53 (76.8%)

African Americans

22 (31%)

Etiology of gastroparesis

Idiopathic

42 (60.8%)

Diabetes mellitus

26 (37.6%)

Post-surgical

1 (1.44%)

**Table 3.** The Changes in Frequency After Gastric Electrical Stimulation via 1-lead tGES
Gastroparesis patients	Initial frequency	Post-GES frequency	P value	Initial ratio	Post-GES ratio	P value
Frequency reported as cpm and amplitude reported as mV. *The significant P values.
All Patients	5.42012	5.09214	0.4776	18.7357	27.0731	0.1987
Low frequency (7)	3.0957	4.9314	0.0155*	11.3829	23.6829	0.2602
High frequency (35)	5.885	5.12429	0.1347	20.2063	27.7511	0.3153

Table 3. The Changes in Frequency After Gastric Electrical Stimulation via 1-lead tGES

Gastroparesis patients

Initial frequency

Post-GES frequency

P value

Initial ratio

Post-GES ratio

P value

Frequency reported as cpm and amplitude reported as mV. *The significant P values.

All Patients

5.42012

5.09214

0.4776

18.7357

27.0731

0.1987

Low frequency (7)

3.0957

4.9314

0.0155*

11.3829

23.6829

0.2602

High frequency (35)

5.885

5.12429

0.1347

20.2063

27.7511

0.3153

**Table 4.** Changes, in Mean Symptom Score, as Well as Total Gastric Emptying Measured at Baseline and Post-Stimulation via Single Lead tGES
Variable	Visit 1	Visit 2	Change (CI) (P value)
TSS: total symptom score; GET total: total gastric emptying time. All “Visit 2” values were recorded 5 days after baseline at visit 1. *The significant P values.
Nausea	3.28	1.54	-1.7 (1.25, 2.24) (< 0.001)*
Vomiting	1.96	0.51	-1.44 (0.96, 1.93) (< 0.001)*
Anorexia	2.55	1.23	-1.32 (1.9, 0.01) (0.002)*
Bloating	2.53	1.32	-0.26 (1.72 , 1.86) (< 0.001)*
Abdominal pain	2.35	1.32	-1.03 (0.36, 1.71) (0.004)*
TSS	12.46	5.6	-6.86 (5.02, 8.71) (< 0.001)*
GET total	153.63	141.92	-11.71 (-9.32, 32.73) (0.27)

Table 4. Changes, in Mean Symptom Score, as Well as Total Gastric Emptying Measured at Baseline and Post-Stimulation via Single Lead tGES

Variable

Visit 1

Visit 2

Change (CI) (P value)

TSS: total symptom score; GET total: total gastric emptying time. All “Visit 2” values were recorded 5 days after baseline at visit 1. *The significant P values.

Nausea

3.28

1.54

-1.7 (1.25, 2.24) (< 0.001)*

Vomiting

1.96

0.51

-1.44 (0.96, 1.93) (< 0.001)*

Anorexia

2.55

1.23

-1.32 (1.9, 0.01) (0.002)*

Bloating

2.53

1.32

-0.26 (1.72 , 1.86) (< 0.001)*

Abdominal pain

2.35

1.32

-1.03 (0.36, 1.71) (0.004)*

TSS

12.46

5.6

-6.86 (5.02, 8.71) (< 0.001)*

GET total

153.63

141.92

-11.71 (-9.32, 32.73) (0.27)

**Table 5.** Changes, in Mean Symptom Score, as Well as Total Gastric Emptying Measured at Baseline and Post-Stimulation via 2-Lead tGES
Variable	Visit 1	Visit 2	Change (CI) (P value)
Frequency reported as cpm and amplitude reported as mV. TSS: total symptom score; GET Total: total gastric emptying time. All “Visit 2” values were recorded 5 days after baseline at visit 1. *The significant P values.
Nausea	3.46	1.73	-1.73 (-2.5, -0.91) (< 0.001)*
Vomiting	2.69	1.46	-1.23 (-2.1, -0.4) (0.003)*
Anorexia	3.04	2.08	-0.96 (-1.9, -0.01) (0.047)*
Bloating	3.21	1.69	-1.52 (-2.6, -0.4) (0.006)*
Abdominal pain	2.75	1.38	-1.36 (-2.7, -0.1) (0.038)
TSS	15.38	8.27	-7.11 (-11.1, -3.1) (< 0.001)*
Frequency	6.45	5.96	-0.49 (-2.9, 1.9) (0.685)
Amplitude	0.69	0.99	0.30 (-0.3, 0.9) (0.362)
Ratio	26.43	11.49	-14.93 (-26.9, -3.0) (0.014)*
GET total	109.04	120.55	11.51 (-20.1, 43.2) (0.48)

Table 5. Changes, in Mean Symptom Score, as Well as Total Gastric Emptying Measured at Baseline and Post-Stimulation via 2-Lead tGES

Variable

Visit 1

Visit 2

Change (CI) (P value)

Frequency reported as cpm and amplitude reported as mV. TSS: total symptom score; GET Total: total gastric emptying time. All “Visit 2” values were recorded 5 days after baseline at visit 1. *The significant P values.

Nausea

3.46

1.73

-1.73 (-2.5, -0.91) (< 0.001)*

Vomiting

2.69

1.46

-1.23 (-2.1, -0.4) (0.003)*

Anorexia

3.04

2.08

-0.96 (-1.9, -0.01) (0.047)*

Bloating

3.21

1.69

-1.52 (-2.6, -0.4) (0.006)*

Abdominal pain

2.75

1.38

-1.36 (-2.7, -0.1) (0.038)

TSS

15.38

8.27

-7.11 (-11.1, -3.1) (< 0.001)*

Frequency

6.45

5.96

-0.49 (-2.9, 1.9) (0.685)

Amplitude

0.69

0.99

0.30 (-0.3, 0.9) (0.362)

Ratio

26.43

11.49

-14.93 (-26.9, -3.0) (0.014)*

GET total

109.04

120.55

11.51 (-20.1, 43.2) (0.48)